(Ringworm of the Scalp; Fungal Infection of the Scalp)
Definition
Definition
Tinea capitis is a skin infection that affects the scalp.
Ringworm of the ScalpCopyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
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Causes
Causes
Tinea captis is caused by a type of fungus called a dermatophyte. The fungi thrive in warm, humid environments.
Risk Factors
Risk Factors
Tinea capitis usually affects children under the age of 10 years, and those of African descent. Other factors that may increase your child’s chance for tinea capitis include:
Symptoms
Symptoms
Tinea capitis may cause:
- Itching of the scalp (not always present)
- Bald patches
- Areas of swelling, redness, scales, sores, or irritated skin
If left untreated, tinea capitis may cause permanent hair loss and scarring.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Your doctor will ask about your child’s symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Your child may need to be referred to a specialist. A dermatologist focuses on skin issues.
The diagnosis is often made with close inspection of the scalp. If the diagnosis is uncertain, the doctor may scrape your child’s scalp or clip a few hairs for testing.
Tests on the sample may include:
- Microscopic examination
- Fungal culture
Treatment
Treatment
The main treatment for tinea capitis is prescription antifungal medications. The condition can be difficult to treat. In some cases, tinea capitis can return after treatment. For some children, the condition goes away during the time of puberty.
Using an antifungal shampoo may help to reduce the risk of spreading the condition to others.
Prevention
Prevention
To help reduce your child’s chance of tinea capitis:
- Shampoo your child’s hair regularly.
- Do not allow your child to share headgear, brushes, or combs.
- Wash towels, clothes, and any shared items used by an infected person to prevent spreading it to others in the household.
- Take your pets to the veterinarian for treatment if they develop skin rashes.
RESOURCES:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/
CANADIAN RESOURCES:
Dermatologists http://www.dermatologists.ca/index.html
References:
Noble SL, Forbes RC. Diagnosis and management of common tinea infections. Am Fam Physician. 1998;58(1):163-174.
Tinea capitis. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed
Updated April 6, 2011. Accessed September 7, 2011.
Last Updated: 12/20/2014