(Pulled Muscle in Abdomen; Strain, Abdominal Muscle)
Definition
Definition
An abdominal muscle strain is a partial or full tear of the small muscle fibers in the abdomen. The abdominal muscles are grouped around the abdomen and trunk. They make up the core muscles in our body.
Causes
Causes
Abdominal muscle strain is caused by:
- Activity that the muscle is not ready for
- Excessive exercise
- Improper technique while playing sports
- Lifting heavy objects
- Sharply twisting the body
Abdominal Muscles—Side ViewCopyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
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Risk Factors
Risk Factors
These factors increase your chance of developing abdominal muscle strain:
- Improper technique during sports activities, especially running and jumping
- Previous strain or injury to the area
- Muscle fatigue
- Tight abdominal muscles
Symptoms
Symptoms
Symptoms may include:
- Muscle pain or soreness immediately after an injury
- Stiffness and discomfort
- Problems flexing or pain while stretching the muscle
- Pain when touching the area
- Muscle spasms
- Swelling or bruising
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.
Muscle strains are graded according to their severity:
- Grade 1—Some stretching with micro tearing of muscle fibers
- Grade 2—Partial tearing of muscle fibers
- Grade 3—Complete tearing of muscle fibers; this may also be called a rupture or avulsion
Treatment
Treatment
Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Recovery time ranges depending on the grade of your injury. Treatment steps may include:
Supportive Care
Your muscle will need time to heal. Supportive care may involve:
- Rest—Activities may need to be restricted. Normal activities will be gradually reintroduced.
- Ice—Ice therapy may help relieve swelling. Heat or cold may be advised throughout recovery if they provide benefits.
Prescription or over-the-counter medications may be advised to reduce pain.
Physical Therapy
A physical therapist will assess the muscles. An exercise program will be created to help recovery and to strengthen the muscles.
Prevention
Prevention
To help reduce your chance of getting another abdominal muscle strain, take the following steps:
- Do not overexert yourself while exercising.
- Get proper training for sports and exercises.
- Do exercises to strengthen your abdominal muscles.
- Learn how to properly lift heavy objects.
- If you are tired, stop exercising.
RESOURCES:
Family Doctor—American Academy of Family Physicians http://www.familydoctor.org
CANADIAN RESOURCES:
Public Health Agency of Canada http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca
References:
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Abdominal_muscles?open
Updated December 2012. Accessed March 10, 2015.
Johns Hopkins sports medicine patient guide to muscle strain. John Hopkins Medicine website. Available at:
http://www.hopkinsortho.org/muscle_strain.html
Accessed March 10, 2015.
Sprains, strains, and tears. American College of Sports Medicine website. Available at:
http://www.acsm.org/docs/brochures/sprains-strains-and-tears.pdf
Published 2011. Accessed March 10, 2015.
10/26/2010 DynaMed’s Systematic Literature Surveillance
http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed:
Massey T, Derry S, Moore R, McQuay H. Topical NSAIDs for acute pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(6):CD007402.
Last Updated: 12/15/2013